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iOS相册,相机,通讯录,录音权限处理

苹果公司非常注重用户的隐私问题,所以在使用手机上一些涉及隐私的功能时,比如相册,相机,通讯录,录音权限等,需要征求用户的许可才可以使用。

一.权限状态说明

在使用相册,相机,通讯录,录音等功能时,我们需要通过不同的API获取到某一项功能的用户授权权限,用户授权的权限类型总结起来都可以归结为以下几种:

AuthorizationStatusNotDetermined      // 用户从未进行过授权等处理,首次访问相应内容会提示用户进行授权AuthorizationStatusAuthorized = 0,    // 用户已授权,允许访问AuthorizationStatusDenied,            // 用户拒绝访问AuthorizationStatusRestricted,      //用户无法改编自合格权限,比如家长控制

二.具体的权限获取

1.相册权限获取

相册权限获取分三步:

  • 设备是否支持
    在获取相册的权限之前,先要判断设备是否支持获取媒体资源,比如我想要挑选照片,但是现在相册中照片数量为0,那这时候就不能支持相册了:

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;
  • 获取相册权限状态
    如果第一步返回YES,也就是设备支持,那就可以获取目前的权限状态了:

PHAuthorizationStatus authStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];

权限状态有下列四种:

typedef enum PHAuthorizationStatus : NSInteger {
    PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined = 0,
    PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted,
    PHAuthorizationStatusDenied,
    PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized
} PHAuthorizationStatus;
  • 请求权限
    第二步中若status为PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined,也就是还没有请求过权限,那么就要请求权限:

[PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
        
    }];
2.相机权限获取

和相册权限一样,分三步:

  • 设备是否支持:

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera]
  • 获取相机权限状态
    如果第一步返回YES,那么就可以获取目前的权限状态:

AVAuthorizationStatus authStatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];

权限状态有下列四种:

typedef enum AVAuthorizationStatus : NSInteger {    AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined = 0,    AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted = 1,    AVAuthorizationStatusDenied = 2,    AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized = 3} AVAuthorizationStatus;
  • 请求权限

[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
        
    }];
3.通讯录权限获取
  • 获取通讯录权限状态:

CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];

权限状态有四种:

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;

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  • 请求权限

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;

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4.录音权限获取
  • 获取录音权限状态:

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;

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权状态有三种:

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;

3

  • 请求权限

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;

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三.用户拒绝授权后的处理

用户拒绝授权后,再下次要使用相应的功能,可能会忘记自己之前已经拒绝了该授权,从而可能获取不到数据,这个时候应该给用户一个提示,提示用户去设置里面更改权限。
这里的给出了一种做法就是直接跳转到该应用的设置页面:

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;

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四.简单的封装

LMAuthorizationTool.h:

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;

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LMAuthorizationTool.m

[UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]typedef enum UIImagePickerControllerSourceType : NSInteger {    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary, //相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,        //相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum} UIImagePickerControllerSourceType;

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本文由 投稿者 创作,文章地址:https://blog.isoyu.com/archives/iosxiangcexiangjitongxunluluyinquanxianchuli-2.html
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